How it works. After certain expressions, Arabic adds a noun in the accusative case to specify what is being counted, measured, or compared. That noun is called the tamyīz ("the specifier"). It answers the question "of what?" or "in what?".

In our line, the number is ثمانية ملايين ("eight million") and the tamyīz is طنًّا ("tons" — singular, accusative with tanwīn). Together: "eight million OF tons" → "eight million tons".

When to use the tamyīz:

• After numbers 11 and above: the counted thing is singular accusative. So "twenty books" = ʿishrūna kitāban (عشرونَ كتاباً), NOT ʿishrūna kutuban.
• After thousands and millions: the counted thing is in the genitive (after alf, milyūn) — but in our line it's the older accusative form (ṭannan) which is also acceptable.
• After expressions of weight, volume, area: kīlogrāman, litran, mitran murabbaʿan.
• After elative comparisons: huwa akbaru minhu sinnan (هو أكبرُ منهُ سِنّاً) = "he is bigger than him IN AGE".

How it works. An Arabic conditional sentence has three parts:

• A conditional particle — idhā (إذا) or in (إنْ).
• The condition (al-sharṭ) — what would have to happen.
• The result (jawāb al-sharṭ) — what would happen if the condition is met. It often starts with fa- (فـ).

The difference between إذا and إنْ:

• idhā (إذا) is more common in MSA. It usually presents a likely or real condition — "if/when" something happens.
• in (إنْ) is more emphatic, slightly more hypothetical. Both can be used in similar places.

The verb forms.

• After idhā, the verb is usually past tense — even if you mean a future condition.
• After in, the verb is often in the jussive form (المضارع المجزوم) — same form as after lam. This is the part examiners test.

From the text.

• Line 15: إذا لم نتحرَّك اليوم، فقد لا يكون لدينا غدٌ — idhā + lam + jussive (نتحرَّك) → "if we don't act today, we may not have a tomorrow".
• Line 16: إن استمرَّ هذا الإهمال — in + past (استمرَّ) → "if this neglect continues".